Except for the Giza pyramids, the most of the seven ancient marvels were destroyed by devastating earthquakes. The Giza Pyramids are located on the Giza plateau's northwestern corner. Just outside of Cairo, Egypt. They are among the world's greatest monuments to the memory of the pharaohs. The four pyramids at Giza were built for Khufu (also called Cheops), Khafre, Menkure and Yi. Although all that remains of them now are their towering stones, it is believed that they were once covered in smooth limestone or brick.
The latest research shows that the Giza Pyramids were built as a religious monument for Khufu, who reigned from 2589 to 2566 B.C. However, due to poor planning, many modern historians believe that the pyramids were built as a tribute to the king by his slaves. Slaves were commonly used as human labor during this time period. There are different theories about what happened to the people who built the pyramids. Some historians think that they were killed while working on the project, while others believe that they were given land after they served their master.
In addition to being a religious monument and slave prison, the Giza Pyramids also served as a tomb for several pharaohs.
The pyramids were extensively damaged on the surface of lower-level stone walls as a result of long-term static and dynamic activities, massive fissures in walls produced mostly by settlements, and solely owing to seismic stresses, while the foundation stone sites were explicitly removed.
In addition, many of the smaller pyramids lost part of their caps which were subsequently used as tools for cutting stones. The remaining portions of the caps were also fractured by heavy loads being repeatedly applied over time.
Finally, some scholars believe that the pyramids may have been responsible for rare mass deaths of people who lived near them. However, there is no clear evidence supporting this theory.
The Great Pyramid is part of a complex of structures known as the Giza Necropolis. This comprises two funerary temples dedicated to Khufu. One is near the pyramid, while the other is near the Nile. The complex also includes two large mastabas (tombs) for members of Khufu's family.
Next to the Great Pyramid is a collection of nine more pyramids, including that of Khafre. These are all that remain of an original group of 10 pyramids built for members of Khufu's family. The other three were probably destroyed during the civil wars that followed Khufu's death. Although no longer standing, these pyramids were once surrounded by small chapels and statues that have been preserved beneath the sand.
In addition to these pyramids, parts of four more mastabas (tombs) can be made out. They lie within a compound together with several other large monuments. This area is now a public park called the Giza Plateau. It is here that scientists continue to find new pieces of information about ancient Egypt every year.
Khufu was only one of several kings who played a role in its construction.
Grave robbers would try to break into the pyramid and take the treasure since it contained such precious wealth. Despite the Egyptians' attempts, virtually all of the pyramids had been looted by 1000 B.C. The Great Pyramid of Giza perfectly points to the north. It is estimated that this direction was used as a reference point for most of its features, including the latitude and longitude coordinates.
There are several reasons why most pyramids were robbed of their treasures. One reason is that the pharaohs who built their pyramids expected them to be buried in them with their treasures, but almost all of them were actually interred elsewhere. Another reason is that since the path leading up to the burial chamber inside the pyramid was extremely difficult to navigate, a team of people would have been needed to protect the body of the king or queen during the trip from the place where they were buried to the top of the pyramid. Finally, even if the burial chamber was not robbed, other parts of the pyramid might be because there was so much gold and silver available in the kingdom of Egypt at that time.
But despite all of these thefts, many pyramids still contain some of their original contents today. The only real way to tell whether or not a pyramid has been stolen is to look inside of it. If there are no signs of theft, then it can be assumed that nobody has gone inside of it before.
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