The memorial is made up of 56 17-foot-tall granite pillars grouped in a semicircle surrounding a plaza with two 43-foot-tall triumphal arches on opposing sides. Water and greenery cover two-thirds of the 7.4-acre (3.0-hectare) plot. The other third is occupied by the Memorial Museum, which contains military vehicles, weapons, and other exhibits related to the war.
The Vietnam Veterans Memorial was designed by Lyndon B. Johnson while he was president. It is made up of 565 black polished granite panels with the names of those who died etched into them. A continuous wall of glass behind the panels provides a view of the Washington Monument and the city skyline beyond. The museum that houses the memorial is located on the National Mall near the Lincoln Memorial.
The World War I memorial was designed by George Frederick Kunz and built between 1931 and 1937. It is made up of 11 stones called "cornerstones" that represent the countries where the war began. The largest stone is at the U.S. center of the monument and it weighs over 20,000 pounds (9,300 kg). The Japanese portion of the monument was destroyed in an earthquake in 1923 and never rebuilt.
The World War II memorial was designed by Louis Kahn and built between 1960 and 1973. It is made up of 56 stones called "pillar markers" that represent the countries whose troops participated in the war.
The 190-foot-long, 120-foot-wide, and 99-foot-tall memorial is made of Colorado-Yule marble. The memorial is encircled by 36 fluted Doric columns, one for each of the Union's 36 states at the time of Lincoln's death. The entire structure rests on a raised platform with steps leading up to it. A large statue of Lincoln stands in the center. He is dressed in Civil War military clothes and holds an armful of papers that include a book, a map, a weapon (which some say is a sword), and something that many believe is a telephone.
Lincoln has been called "the father of his country" and "the leader who saved America." His image is also used as the logo for the President of the United States.
The Lincoln Memorial was designed by architect Daniel Hudson Burnham of Chicago, who also designed the White House. It was built from 1872 to 1876 under the direction of Theodore Geisel (better known as Dr. Seuss). Geisel based his design on sketches by Frederick Law Olmsted, the designer of New York's Central Park.
Dr. Seuss was asked to come up with designs for the monument but he refused because he felt doing so would make him part of a commercial enterprise. Instead, he wrote several poems for each state to be read at the unveiling of their respective monuments.
There are 32 federal memorials in all. The National Mall has nine of them, reflecting the nation's major wars and other events.
The Vietnam Veterans Memorial is the most famous memorial on the mall. It is a black granite wall with an etched image of the Vietnam War dead. More than 53,000 names have been placed on the wall by visitors since it was built in 1982.
The World War II Memorial is another popular one on the mall. Dedicated in 2004, this white marble sculpture features an American soldier kneeling in front of a map of Europe with his hand on a globe. The statue is by British artist Michael Armitage and stands about 9 feet high.
The Korean War Memorial is located near the Vietnam Veterans Memorial on the mall. Its simple design includes three large blocks with raised edges and two rows of glass bottles stacked on their sides. These represent the two countries in conflict and the union between them that ended with a truce rather than a peace treaty. The memorial was dedicated in 1999.
The Cuban Missile Crisis Memorial is situated next to the World War II Memorial on the mall.
The World War II Memorial is mostly made of stone. The memorial is made up of about 17,000 individual stones. Kershaw Granite from South Carolina is used in the vertical pillars and pavilions. Green County Granite from Georgia was used for the horizontal paving stones. Each stone is 4 inches by 4 inches by 8 inches (10 cm x 10 cm x 20 cm).
There are two types of granite: translucent and opaque. Translucent granite has a light color inside and out while opaque granite is only light-colored on the outside. Both types of granite can be used to make objects that will not show any colors except black or white. However, if you paint something made of opaque granite it will show its true color once dry.
The reason the memorial is mostly made of stone is because stone is durable and won't wear away over time. The earth's surface is constantly changing due to erosion caused by wind and water. But since granite is a hard material, it resists erosion. Also, granite is non-porous which means it doesn't absorb moisture like other materials may do. All of these reasons explain why the World War II Memorial is still standing after 70 years.
Facts and Figures About the World War II Memorial The pavilions are 43 feet tall. The granite monument pillars trace the dates of Union entry from Delaware to Arizona, alternating back and forth across the Rainbow Pool. The memorial also remembers the six United States territories that existed during World War II. The bronze statues represent the five Allied nations and Japan. They stand 22 feet high.
The World War II Memorial is located in Washington, D.C. It was designed by architect Eric G. Anderson and sculpted by Tony Duquette. The memorial was dedicated on May 25, 2004, the 70th anniversary of the end of World War II in the Pacific. It stands at the eastern end of the National Mall, near the Capitol building. The memorial faces toward Pennsylvania Avenue, with its entrance on Constitution Avenue.
It's not the tallest structure in Washington, D.C., but it's definitely one of the most recognizable. The memorial is a major tourist attraction, with over 5 million people visiting it each year.
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