The Parthenon, located on the Acropolis in Athens, is the most famous temple of Ancient Greece. It was constructed in honor of the goddess Athena. The original structure was built between 447 and 432 BC, but it was destroyed by an arsonist in 1670. Today, only the base, the cella, remains because the original material used to build the temple-marble from Paros in Greece-has no value as stone.
The architect was Phidias, a student of Myron. The sculpture was done by Agorakritos and Euthymides. The cult statue of Athena was made from gold and ivory. The total cost of the project was around 20 years of Athenian income.
The design of the Parthenon was very influential for future Greek temples. After this building, many other large temples were created in Asia Minor (present-day Turkey), especially in Ephesos where the economy was based on trade. In addition, there are many smaller temples all over Greece that date from about 400 BC to 200 BC.
The Acropolis of Athens The Parthenon, dedicated to the goddess Athena and built on top of the Acropolis in Athens, is undeniably the most renowned of ancient Greek temples and one of the country's most popular tourist attractions. It was here that important decisions were made for the city-state of Athens: battles were fought, laws were passed, and candidates were anointed with oil before being presented to the public for voting.
In addition to its symbolic value, the Parthenon was also used for religious rituals and celebrations. It is estimated that between 431 BC and 421 BC, when it was burned by the Persians, it stood more than 40 meters high with 120 meters long walls and had a total area of about 14,000 square meters. Today only the base remains because it was reconstructed after the Persian invasion.
The word "acropolis" comes from Greek akros meaning "highest" or "uppermost" and polis meaning "city". Thus, acropolis refers to the highest point of a city where major buildings can be found. In other words, an acropolis is a holy place where cities come to pray. Ancient Greeks believed that the gods lived on high places, so the acropolis was considered a sacred site for worship. Indeed, many important temples were built on top of the Acropolis.
Parthenon The Parthenon is a temple that stands atop the Acropolis hill in Athens. It was dedicated to the Greek goddess Athena Parthenos and constructed in the mid-5th century BC ("Athena the Virgin"). The word "parthenon" means "virgin's altar", referring to Athena's virginity.
The construction of the Parthenon was initiated by King Pericles in 438 BC and completed around 432 BC. It replaced an earlier structure called the Erechtheion, which had itself been built on the site of a previous one called the Hekatompedon. The architects were Phidias and Ictinus; the sculptors were Ageladas and Myron. The building was painted white with blue decorations.
In 1687 the Ottoman Turks destroyed most of the buildings on the Acropolis, including the Parthenon. They also removed many of the sculptures they found there, transporting them off to Istanbul. Today only the foundations of the building remain.
It is estimated that there are not enough funds to completely restore the Parthenon, so it will probably have to be rebuilt someday. But for now it is safe to say that this beautiful temple is one of the most important monuments in Athens and in Europe as a whole.
The Parthenon, one of the world's most famous structures, may be seen on the Athenian Acropolis. This temple was constructed in honor of the goddess Athena. It was adorned with exquisite statues that represented the pinnacle of Greek artistry. The building of the Parthenon is credited to Phidias and his assistants. Construction began in 447 B.C. and it was not completed until 432 B.atelier. The temple remained unfinished at its death in 421 B.C. because of a plague that devastated Athens. It was then left alone for nearly 20 years while the architects searched for new artists capable of finishing the work.
In 356 B.C., Alexander the Great visited the site and reported back to his father, King Philip II of Macedon, who had it built up as part of his own personal palace complex. The original palace was replaced about 30 years later by another building designed by Ictinus and Diodorus. This second palace was burned down in 279 B.C. during the Battle of Athens between Antigonus Monophthalmus and Agis III of Sparta. All that remains today of the original Acropolis is the Propylaea, or Entrance Gates, which were rebuilt after the battle using material from the earlier structure. These gates lead into an open courtyard where visitors can see an altar called the Erechtheion.
The Parthenon is a temple that stands atop the Acropolis hill in Athens. The building is best known for its decorative sculptures by Phidias and his team, including the gold and ivory metopes, frieze, and pediment. The sculpture gallery was used for religious rituals and public events until it was destroyed by an arsonist in 1684.
In addition to being a religious site, the Parthenon is also important because of its political role during the Golden Age of Athens. It served as the main seat of government when the Athenian archons were elected instead of directly by the people. In 438 BC, after the death of Xerxes I, the Athenians decided to honor this king by covering the walls of their city with new paintings and creating four new statues. They also built the first version of the Parthenon to commemorate these events.
The original construction of the Parthenon is estimated to have lasted about 15 years. It was finished in 456 BC, just one year before the city fell to the Spartans. The Athenians did not rebuild the structure but instead built a new one in the Roman Empire era. This new version is much smaller than the original but still very impressive.
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