The Inca architecture is South America's most prominent pre-Columbian building. Tiwanaku, which was constructed in the 2nd century B.C.E. in present-day Bolivia, left an architectural heritage to the Incas. Machu Picchu's famed royal estate (Machu Pikchu) is a surviving example of Inca architecture. It was built about 1450 for Emperor Viracocha.
After the Spanish conquest in 1532, much of the architecture was destroyed. But some structures such as Cusco's Qorikancha and Palacio del Consejo in Santarem do remain from that time. There are also several churches built with indigenous materials after this period. For example, San Cristobal de Las Casas in Mexico has been called the New World Notre Dame because it resembles Indian temples that can be found in Asia and Australia.
Over 500 years ago, the Incas built many cities for their emperor to live in. The most important of these cities was Inka, which means "the people" in Quechua, the language of the Incas. Today, only Machu Picchu remains. When the Spanish arrived, they used trees for building material because there were no rocks around. As a result, most of the ancient buildings are made of wood. However, some stone structures such as Cusco's Qorikancha still stand today.
Inca culture evolved from Chavín culture which existed in Peru between 200 B.C.
Machu Picchu: The most well-known, well-preserved, and magnificently placed Inca archaeological monument in Peru, and hence the most visited, is Machu Picchu. It was constructed in 1450, when the Incas expanded their empire from Cusco, guided by their visionary commander, Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui. The city was abandoned around 1540, which means that almost everyone who lived there had to move out after only a few years.
Other significant sites include Intihuasi, Saqsayhuaman, Kuelap, Tambopata, Paulluya, Vitcos, all of which are located in the southern part of the country. Some experts believe that much of the work involved in building these cities was done by non-Inca laborers hired or coerced into service under pain of death. There is evidence that the Incas held public works festivals to celebrate their engineers, architects, and other skilled workers.
The best time to visit the Inca Empire is between April and October, when it is not too hot or cold. The driest months are June through August, while September and October are usually wetter than the rest of the year.
There are several ways to get to Machu Picchu. The easiest option is to take one of the regular buses from Lima's Terminal de Chancletos. These run frequently and cost about $80 to $90 each way.
Machu Picchu is Peru's most famous, well-preserved, and magnificently placed Inca archaeological monument, and hence the most visited. The site is located in the remote mountains of southern Peru, about 500 miles south of Lima.
Its location was carefully chosen for defensive purposes; the area is steeped in history and inhabited by indigenous people to this day. The city was used as a royal retreat and also served as a powerful statement of power and ideology to the outside world.
The construction of Machu Picchu was probably not done by one single team but rather over several years by different teams. It is thought that up to 20,000 people may have been involved in its construction.
The original purpose of the city is still a subject of debate but it has been suggested that it might have been designed as a kind of sanctuary where Inca rulers could seek spiritual guidance before important decisions were made. This idea is supported by the fact that no inscriptions are found on any of the buildings indicating who built which part of the city.
Machu Picchu was first discovered in 1911 by American archaeologists Edward H. Bennett and Frederick W. Lange. They were looking for evidence of ancient civilization in Peru and came across some old maps showing places with unusual names.
Architecture, such as that seen at Machu Picchu, textiles, pottery, and feather and metal work were among the Incas' greatest artistic achievements. It dates from the time of two of the most well-known Inca groups, Pachacutec Inca Yupanqui (1438–711) and Tupac Inca Yupanqui (1438–711). (1472-93). The best known example of Inca architecture is the city of Machu Picchu in Peru, which was built around 1450 - 1540 AD by the armies of the Inca emperor Pachacuti. This incredible achievement would not have been possible without a sophisticated system of building codes that went beyond what we know today. The Inca used natural rock formations as a basis for their buildings, using many different shapes and sizes of stones to create structures up to 20 stories high.
The Inca were some of the first people to use concrete in their buildings. They mixed volcanic ash with lime to make a hardener that could be poured into wooden molds to make walls that were extremely strong but also very heavy. The Inca used this technique to build bridges, stairs, and buildings for military purposes.
In addition to being used for construction, Concrete was also widely used by the Inca as a medium for painting pictures on the walls of their temples and palaces. These paintings covered almost all of Machu Picchu except for the areas that had been damaged or destroyed by time or humans.
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