Norman castles were built for a different reason. They were not defensive fortifications like burhs; rather, they were intended to scare defeated Anglo-Saxons and remind them of Norman might. Norman castles were frequently erected in strategically important places. They could be found on hilltops or high points within a town or village. This would have made it difficult for victims to hide if the Normans decided to hunt them down.
These magnificent buildings were not only used as military strongholds but also served as royal residences and courts. They were centers of government activity including elections and legislation. The first Norman king to build a castle was William the Conqueror. He did so to secure his claim to the English throne. Since then, many other kings and princes have followed his example. There are still dozens of castles across England that date from the early days after the Norman invasion.
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Many defensive characteristics were built by castle architects to make their fortresses harder to attack. Many castles were constructed on high heights with panoramic views of the surrounding countryside. Attackers were simple to shoot while swimming or rowing over the flooded moats. Moats limited the possibility of tunneling beneath the castle. They could be used as a source of water for irrigation or for flooding the interior if attacked from without or within.
Castles were protected by large areas of highly fortified land called baileys. These areas were filled with guard towers, walls, and gates for defenders to man. The more defenses within these enclosed spaces, the harder it was for attackers to gain entry.
Once inside the castle walls, soldiers could hide in passageways called "chevrons" that ran between the castle's buildings. They gave defenders some protection from enemy fire while allowing them to move about the area unseen.
Attackers would try to find weak points in the castle's defense system. Sometimes this meant trying to break down a door, but sometimes it required finding another way in. If an attacker did get inside the castle, they would have to fight their way through many enemies to reach the king or queen. This is why knights were important military men at the time of the Crusades and beyond. They were trained in sword fighting and had armor that was designed specifically for battle.
The most effective defense against an army is a strong army.
Castles were erected in strategic locations, and natural fortifications like as hills, rocky outcrops, and rivers were used whenever feasible. A hill is the ideal location for a castle. The higher a castle is located, the greater its defensive advantage. But a castle cannot exist without a well. Otherwise, the adversary might contaminate your water source. So if you want to avoid being attacked, look for a site with good soil for planting vegetables or fruit trees.
The best place to build a castle would depend on what type of castle you want to construct. If you are looking at building a stone castle, then the best location would be one where there are large quantities of limestone or other rock available. Limestone can be used to build walls and battlements and serves as a good fuel for fireballs during war times. If you are looking at building a wooden castle, then the choice is easier. Wood is usually all you need as material for construction. So the best place to build a wooden castle would be in a forest with plenty of trees available.
In conclusion, a castle can be built anywhere there are sufficient resources available for construction. The better protected a location is, the less it makes sense to build a castle there. However, even unprotected locations may not make sense to attack if they are not accessible by road or rail. For example, a castle built on top of a mountain would be difficult to attack because any army going up the trail would be exposed to attack from gunners positioned on the heights!
Every aspect of their building was planned to ensure that the castle was as powerful as it could be and could withstand sieges that may last months. The concentric castle was a novel breakthrough in castle building technology in the late medieval period (about 1300). It allowed for much larger defenses than were possible within the confines of a city wall.
Medieval castles tend to be much bigger, more sprawling, and more isolated than Renaissance buildings. This is because they were built to protect large territories rather than single cities. As we've seen, they could include many towers, walls, and gates. Some had deep ditches outside and inside their walls. Others had water sources on site such as lakes or streams. All of this was designed to make an attacker feel uncomfortable and prevent them from taking the castle by force.
The most important thing to remember about medieval castles is that they were designed to be permanent structures with an expected lifespan of several hundred years. As such, they are not made of soft materials like wood or plaster. Castles are usually made of stone because it's hard to destroy once built. They may have brick or mortar as a base but these are just layers on top of the stone itself. The combination of stone and mortar is what makes buildings with medieval origins strong and able to stand for hundreds of years.
The majority of castles changed because attackers discovered new means to break into them. To keep these invaders out, castle defenses had to evolve. In addition, the hefty castle atop the Motte might be collapsed, which was advantageous. Then, in 1277, individuals began to construct "concentric fortresses." These smaller versions of a castle could be moved if danger approached another part of the kingdom. This method of defense allowed people to fight off invaders simultaneously from different directions.
Concentric forts were built on mounds or high points- usually outside of towns or cities. They provided defenders with better views of surrounding areas and allowed them to fire arrows at intruders before they reached the main castle. Concentric forts also made it harder for enemies to attack from multiple angles at once. Finally, people started building under ground in 1450. These dungeons were used to imprison criminals or political opponents. However, most remained empty.
Castles changed because attacks changed. Attackers discovered new ways to break into castles and, to protect themselves, builders altered their designs to fit today's technology. With knowledge about how to attack castles, builders became more creative and innovative. This evolution brought many benefits including better protection for families living inside castles.
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