Stick Framing: "Stick framing" is the most prevalent method for building wood-framed homes today, and it entails erecting the floors and walls on the construction site using individual studs and joists. The roof is then placed on top. Stick framing is easy to assemble and disassemble as needed, but it is also very labor intensive and can be difficult to get into certain rooms. Narrow stairways and door frames are also difficult or impossible with this method.
Joint Framing: In joint framing, the floor and ceiling components are built in one operation when the house is framed together. They are then brought in separately and attached to the wall framework with sheathing and trim. This method is less labor intensive than stick framing, but it requires more skill from the framer and may not be as easily modified after the structure is up. Also, the resulting house will have larger openings between room components due to the need to fit the entire ceiling and floor in one piece.
Framing with Glass: Modern architects often use glass as the primary material for room dividers, instead of wood. The advantage of this method is that it allows light to pass through the house while still providing privacy. However, this approach can make the house expensive to heat and cool if it does not have additional insulation installed inside its walls.
There are two popular methods for building a house's roof: premanufactured trusses or rafters and ceiling joists, sometimes known as "stick framing." In both cases, the roof is supported by beams that extend across the width of the room. The ends of these beams are called "rafters" or "joists," depending on their method of construction.
Platform framing is the most popular framing style in modern residential building, in which each storey is constructed on top of the preceding one. One-story platforms are generally framed with eight- or nine-foot-high stud walls sitting on a subfloor—the platform. Two-story and larger buildings usually have ten-or twelve-foot-high ceilings, with the second story built over the first.
Beam framing is also common in new residential construction. In this case, boards called beams are used as the vertical members within the frame. They are typically attached to the wall studs with nails or screws. The beam serves to strengthen the frame and provide a stable base upon which to build the floor above.
Beams can be made from wood or steel, but they must be strong enough to support the weight of any load that might be placed upon them. Loads may come from the people who will live in the house (if the house is not an addition), the contents themselves, other structures being built at the time of construction, etc. Beams should be able to withstand such loads without failing completely or leaving openings through which water could enter the room.
The length of beams varies depending on the size of the structure and the type of load it will face. In small houses, beams can be as short as six inches, while for large buildings they can be as long as three feet.