Some of Cairo's oldest structures stretch back over two centuries to the Greco-Roman period. However, the Giza Pyramids are the most well-known and oldest buildings in Egypt, out of all the pyramids. They were built for King Khafre around 590 BC - 570 BC. His body was never found, but based on radiocarbon tests on his tomb goods, we know that he died at age 65 or older. His wife Queen Hatshepsut was 18 when she became king, so they had many years together before he died. She continued to build her own pyramid next to his during her reign.
The Giza Pyramids were built by Pharaohs Khafre and Khufu. Although their exact roles within the kingdom are not known, it has been suggested that they might have been responsible for military affairs or even kingship itself. Either way, they were important people who deserved significant monuments if we are to believe the stories told by later historians. The Giza Pyramids are the only two stone pyramids in Egypt. The others were made of mud brick or wood. In fact, according to some experts, the Giza Pyramids are the oldest true pyramids in Africa.
They are also the largest pyramids in Egypt. When they were first built, the Giza Pyramids were the highest objects you could climb into without a ladder.
The most renowned Egyptian pyramids may be seen on the outskirts of Cairo at Giza. Several of the Giza pyramids are among the biggest buildings ever constructed. The biggest Egyptian pyramid is the Pyramid of Khufu. It is based on the model used by Menkaure for his own pyramid. However, his version was much smaller than Khufu's.
There are also several pyramids in Alexandria. They are mostly neglected and used as storage facilities for grain. Only two of them are still intact: the Red Pyramid and the Great Pyramid.
The Giza Pyramids were built over 4,000 years ago by the Egyptians. But their exact origin is unknown. Some think they might be Russian but this theory has not been proven yet. Others believe the Egyptians might have received help from outside of Egypt but there is no evidence for this. In any case, they are an amazing feat of architecture and engineering that took decades to build even a small pyramid. Each one is made up of multiple layers of stone carved away from a single rock stratum.
Some people believe that the Egyptians had help from other civilizations in building the pyramids.
4,700-year The 4,700-year-old step pyramid, erected for the third dynasty's king Djoser in the 27th century B.C., is the world's oldest stone monument of its scale. It lies about 15 miles (24 km) south of Cairo.
The pyramid was originally covered with a white limestone called diorite which today is used to build some buildings in Cairo. Inside the pyramid, there are three chambers separated by two corridors. The walls and ceilings of the chambers are covered with pictures that once showed how King Djoser lived. These pictures are now preserved in museums all over the world.
Djoser ordered the construction of this enormous structure as a tomb for himself and his family. However, it is not known whether or not he was able to use it as such because no evidence has been found of any burial site within the pyramid.
Some historians believe that Djoser may have been buried near the base of the pyramid but most experts agree that this theory is false. They say that high winds could have moved the body before it was discovered in 1822 by British explorers who were sent by King George II to explore Egypt. At that time, the pyramid was already nearly destroyed.
For many years, archaeologists believed that pyramids were only meant to be tombs for one person.
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